Hallo Dani.
Danke für Deine Antwort. Mit der Version habe noch mal nachgeschaut. Installiert ist 3.2.7600.226 .
Vom NTFS aus hat der Ordner WsusContent leserechte für "Jeder".
Im IIS sind auf den gleichen Ordner auch Leserechte gesetzt. Verzeichnissicherheit steht auf "Anonymen Zugriff erlauben" = JA.
Das ist meiner Meinung nach so in Ordung. Ansonsten müsste ich das WSUS neu installieren. Bleiben dabei die vorhandenen Updates vorhanden? Alles noch einmal herunterladen dürfte dann wohl etwas länger dauern

Hier noch ein Ausszug aus dem Logfile (seit gestern morgen):
2010-11-11 06:59:56.566 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ProcessBITSNotificationQueue ContentSyncAgent recieved Transferred Event for Item: 4e047818-c039-4d0e-8959-80fc6b938dc8
2010-11-11 06:59:56.566 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileDownloaded for Item: 4e047818-c039-4d0e-8959-80fc6b938dc8
2010-11-11 07:00:02.377 UTC Info WsusService.32 SusEventDispatcher.DispatchManagerWorkerThreadProc DispatchManager Worker Thread Processing NotificationEvent: ContentSyncAgent
2010-11-11 07:00:02.393 UTC Info WsusService.7 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:02.533 UTC Info w3wp.73 SusEventDispatcher.DispatchManagerWorkerThreadProc DispatchManager Worker Thread Processing NotificationEvent: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:02.533 UTC Info w3wp.73 ChangeNotificationDispatcher.InternalEventHandler Get event DeploymentChange from dispatchmanager
2010-11-11 07:00:02.580 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileVerified for Item: 4e047818-c039-4d0e-8959-80fc6b938dc8
2010-11-11 07:00:02.580 UTC Info WsusService.25 EventLogEventReporter.ReportEvent EventId=366,Type=Information,Category=Synchronization,Message=Inhaltsdatei wurde heruntergeladen. Digest: Quelldatei: /msdownload/update/software/updt/2010/10/rootsupd_4da8052c1138f67ba996c95260fff3
b9ad34b9e6.exe Zieldatei: d:\WSUS\WsusContent\E6\4DA8052C1138F67BA996C95260FFF3B9AD34B9E6.exe.
2010-11-11 07:00:02.596 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc ContentSyncAgent found no more Jobs, going to Sleep for BITS Notifications
2010-11-11 07:00:02.627 UTC Info w3wp.7 DataAccessCache.DeploymentChange Refreshing the syncUpdates cache
2010-11-11 07:00:02.642 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc Processing Item: 3b93ccf0-622c-4353-a811-0d066952c0b3, State: 10
2010-11-11 07:00:02.939 UTC Info w3wp.7 DataAccessCache.DeploymentChange LastCacheRefreshTime: 316 milliseconds
2010-11-11 07:00:02.955 UTC Info w3wp.7 DataAccessCache.DeploymentChange Finished refreshing the syncUpdates cache. New SyncUpdatesHelper: 55276723
2010-11-11 07:00:03.033 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.Download Item: 3b93ccf0-622c-4353-a811-0d066952c0b3 has been submitted to BITS for Download
2010-11-11 07:00:03.049 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc Processing Item: f15e187e-666b-46f1-b4b8-1c0250a1590a, State: 10
2010-11-11 07:00:03.095 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.Download Item: f15e187e-666b-46f1-b4b8-1c0250a1590a has been submitted to BITS for Download
2010-11-11 07:00:03.111 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc Processing Item: b30f0474-7998-422d-bcf4-82a68575b3e0, State: 10
2010-11-11 07:00:03.158 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.Download Item: b30f0474-7998-422d-bcf4-82a68575b3e0 has been submitted to BITS for Download
2010-11-11 07:00:03.189 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc ContentSyncAgent found no more Jobs, going to Sleep for BITS Notifications
2010-11-11 07:00:04.392 UTC Info w3wp.9 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:04.392 UTC Info w3wp.13 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:04.392 UTC Info w3wp.42 SusEventDispatcher.DispatchManagerWorkerThreadProc DispatchManager Worker Thread Processing NotificationEvent: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:04.392 UTC Info w3wp.42 DeploymentChangeNotification.InternalEventHandler deployment change event received
2010-11-11 07:00:04.392 UTC Info w3wp.42 RevisionIdCacheChangeNotificationDispatcher.InternalEventHandler Get event DeploymentChange from dispatchmanager
2010-11-11 07:00:06.563 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ProcessBITSNotificationQueue ContentSyncAgent recieved Transferred Event for Item: 6af3c344-6b42-4172-b2ec-03cd6378a85b
2010-11-11 07:00:06.563 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileDownloaded for Item: 6af3c344-6b42-4172-b2ec-03cd6378a85b
2010-11-11 07:00:06.657 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileVerified for Item: 6af3c344-6b42-4172-b2ec-03cd6378a85b
2010-11-11 07:00:06.657 UTC Info WsusService.25 EventLogEventReporter.ReportEvent EventId=366,Type=Information,Category=Synchronization,Message=Inhaltsdatei wurde heruntergeladen. Digest: Quelldatei: /msdownload/update/software/uprl/2010/09/windowsserver2003.windowsxp-kb2158563-x
64-deu_add69f446880d7c64bc0c9f6049bd3275e52501b.exe Zieldatei: d:\WSUS\WsusContent\1B\ADD69F446880D7C64BC0C9F6049BD3275E52501B.exe.
2010-11-11 07:00:06.673 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ProcessBITSNotificationQueue ContentSyncAgent recieved Transferred Event for Item: 57405f52-017d-4aef-b3b5-125e8c4a4731
2010-11-11 07:00:06.673 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileDownloaded for Item: 57405f52-017d-4aef-b3b5-125e8c4a4731
2010-11-11 07:00:06.766 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileVerified for Item: 57405f52-017d-4aef-b3b5-125e8c4a4731
2010-11-11 07:00:06.766 UTC Info WsusService.25 EventLogEventReporter.ReportEvent EventId=366,Type=Information,Category=Synchronization,Message=Inhaltsdatei wurde heruntergeladen. Digest: Quelldatei: /msdownload/update/software/updt/2010/10/windowsserver2003-kb2388210-x86-deu_2c3
aabd9baaf8b67806289761212de86dbbd0bde.exe Zieldatei: d:\WSUS\WsusContent\DE\2C3AABD9BAAF8B67806289761212DE86DBBD0BDE.exe.
2010-11-11 07:00:06.782 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ProcessBITSNotificationQueue ContentSyncAgent recieved Transferred Event for Item: d343fce8-9ed0-48da-8cee-b3c6e4583214
2010-11-11 07:00:06.782 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileDownloaded for Item: d343fce8-9ed0-48da-8cee-b3c6e4583214
2010-11-11 07:00:06.829 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileVerified for Item: d343fce8-9ed0-48da-8cee-b3c6e4583214
2010-11-11 07:00:06.844 UTC Info WsusService.25 EventLogEventReporter.ReportEvent EventId=366,Type=Information,Category=Synchronization,Message=Inhaltsdatei wurde heruntergeladen. Digest: Quelldatei: /msdownload/update/software/updt/2010/08/rootsupd_b26be22feca772a8d6543f7150f713
9315ea989b.exe Zieldatei: d:\WSUS\WsusContent\9B\B26BE22FECA772A8D6543F7150F7139315EA989B.exe.
2010-11-11 07:00:06.860 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ProcessBITSNotificationQueue ContentSyncAgent recieved Transferred Event for Item: 07177a93-b75d-48a4-9156-7b7eecc1c5ee
2010-11-11 07:00:06.860 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileDownloaded for Item: 07177a93-b75d-48a4-9156-7b7eecc1c5ee
2010-11-11 07:00:06.907 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.ContentSyncSPFireStateMachineEvent ContentSyncAgent firing Event: FileVerified for Item: 07177a93-b75d-48a4-9156-7b7eecc1c5ee
2010-11-11 07:00:06.907 UTC Info WsusService.25 EventLogEventReporter.ReportEvent EventId=366,Type=Information,Category=Synchronization,Message=Inhaltsdatei wurde heruntergeladen. Digest: Quelldatei: /msdownload/update/software/updt/2010/09/windows6.1-kb2362765-x86_fa407602c1a761
daa5a4390e78a68eb34e918b8e.cab Zieldatei: d:\WSUS\WsusContent\8E\FA407602C1A761DAA5A4390E78A68EB34E918B8E.cab.
2010-11-11 07:00:06.923 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc ContentSyncAgent found no more Jobs, going to Sleep for BITS Notifications
2010-11-11 07:00:06.923 UTC Info WsusService.25 ContentSyncAgent.WakeUpWorkerThreadProc ContentSyncAgent found no more Jobs, going to Sleep for BITS Notifications
2010-11-11 07:00:07.391 UTC Info w3wp.16 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:07.407 UTC Info w3wp.41 SusEventDispatcher.DispatchManagerWorkerThreadProc DispatchManager Worker Thread Processing NotificationEvent: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:07.407 UTC Info w3wp.41 ChangeNotificationDispatcher.InternalEventHandler Get event DeploymentChange from dispatchmanager
2010-11-11 07:00:07.532 UTC Info w3wp.17 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:07.547 UTC Info WsusService.7 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:12.405 UTC Info w3wp.9 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:12.405 UTC Info w3wp.13 SusEventDispatcher.TriggerEvent TriggerEvent called for NotificationEventName: DeploymentChange, EventInfo: DeploymentChange
2010-11-11 07:00:18.419 UTC Info w3wp.38 SusEventDispatcher.DispatchManagerWorkerThreadProc